https://astro.theoj.org/ The Open Journal of Astrophysics is an arXiv overlay journal providing open access to peer-reviewed research in astrophysics and cosmology. en Fri, 06 Nov 2026 21:21:00 +0000 Using DESI spectroscopic data, researchers independently calibrate redshift distributions for DES, KiDS, and HSC weak-lensing samples, finding agreement with existing methods and offering a robust way to reduce cosmological uncertainties. https://doi.org/10.33232/001c.173639 https://astro.theoj.org/article/173639-clustering-redshift-distribution-calibration-of-weak-lensing-surveys-using-the-desi-dr1-spectroscopic-dataset Wed, 04 Nov 2026 08:36:00 +0000 A theoretical study of the formation of spiral modes in Milky Way type galaxies, showing that a simulated halo with appropriate mass resolution can sustain multi-mode spiral structure https://doi.org/10.33232/001c.173548 https://astro.theoj.org/article/173548-effects-of-resolution-and-local-stability-on-galactic-disks-i-multiple-spiral-mode-formation-via-swing-amplification Tue, 03 Nov 2026 09:09:00 +0000 A discussion of the selection bias resulting from correlated observables, how to mitigate such effects, and the implications for the Hubble Tension. https://doi.org/10.33232/001c.173510 https://astro.theoj.org/article/173510-selection-effects-in-correlated-observations-with-application-to-distance-ladder-observations Fri, 30 Oct 2026 11:01:00 +0000 An open-source procedure for astrometric calibration that combines a compact fisheye model, an exact rotation to account for camera tilt, and automatic star matching. https://doi.org/10.33232/001c.173392 https://astro.theoj.org/article/173392-automatic-astrometric-calibration-of-low-cost-all-sky-cameras Fri, 30 Oct 2026 10:39:00 +0000 This article presents an interpretive scheme for the properties of extremely early galaxies highlighting the key role of radiation-driven outflows and indicating how JWST/ALMA observations will provide key tests. https://doi.org/10.33232/001c.173391 https://astro.theoj.org/article/173391-no-blue-without-red-evolutionary-properties-of-super-early-galaxies Fri, 30 Oct 2026 10:14:00 +0000 Having generated mock JWST observations using the BRAHMA cosmological hydrodynamic simulation, this research explores the possible role of overmassive black holes in the formation of Little Red Dots. https://doi.org/10.33232/001c.173389 https://astro.theoj.org/article/173389-from-astrid-to-brahma-the-role-of-overmassive-black-holes-in-little-red-dots-in-cosmological-simulations Wed, 28 Oct 2026 07:02:00 +0000 This work involves a compilation and systematically comparison of formation-channel predictions from more than 200 isolated-binary population-synthesis simulations, organized within a unified hierarchical system identify the frequency of common-envelope evolution https://doi.org/10.33232/001c.173274 https://astro.theoj.org/article/173274-how-common-are-common-envelopes-quantifying-their-role-in-forming-gravitational-wave-sources Wed, 28 Oct 2026 06:56:00 +0000 This work extends the HII-CHI-mistry methodology to derive total Sulphur to Hydrogen (S/H) ratios in AGN from optical emission lines through comparison with photoionisation models. https://doi.org/10.33232/001c.173273 https://astro.theoj.org/article/173273-hii-chi-mistry-for-active-galactic-nuclei-optical-sulphur-abundances-without-empirical-ionisation-correction-factors Wed, 28 Oct 2026 06:43:00 +0000 The study presents the first cosmological model for the evolution and luminous properties of PAHs in galaxies, suggesting that grain-grain shattering in the diffuse ISM primarily drives cosmic PAH abundances. https://doi.org/10.33232/001c.172863 https://astro.theoj.org/article/172863-the-lifecycle-and-emission-properties-of-pahs-in-cosmological-hydrodynamic-galaxy-formation-simulations Tue, 27 Oct 2026 09:10:00 +0000 This article uses pulsar observations that probe the diffuse interstallar medium to extend modelling of the relationship between magnetic field strength and gas number-density. accounting for field geometry. https://doi.org/10.33232/001c.173229 https://astro.theoj.org/article/173229-on-the-relation-between-magnetic-field-strength-and-gas-density-in-the-interstellar-medium-ii-density-uncertainties-and-diffuse-gas-constraints